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Computer is the most powerful tool man has ever created. Computers have made a great impact on our everyday life. Their presence is felt at almost every working place, viz. Homes. Schools, colleges, offices, industries, hospitals, banks, retail stores, railways, research and design organizations and so on. Computers, large and small, are used nowadays by all kinds of people for a variety of tasks in a modern and industrialized society.

A computer is basically  a programmable computing machine. Earlier computers were used for complex computations and used by only scientists and engineers. The trend was to design large and powerful computers to handle large data and solve complex problems. They were very costly and hence, only large organizations could afford them. The technological breakthrough in design and fabrication of semiconductor devices has made now possible to manufacture powerful microcomputers which are within the reach of small organizations and even individuals. These computers being very fast can be used not only for computation but also to store and retrieve information, to control certain processes and machines, to measure and display certain physical and electrical quantities and so fourth. Developments in software allow massive application of computers for non-computational jobs like text preparation, manipulation, storage and retrieval; transmission of texts, graphics and pictures from one place to another; and artificial intelligence and expert systems, for example, robots, and so forth.

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